Spring原理与源码分析系列（五）- Spring IoC源码分析（下）

0 前言

IoC容器主要分为两个阶段：IoC容器启动和依赖注入。
在上节
Spring原理与源码分析系列（四）- Spring IoC源码分析（上） 我们已经从源码的角度分析了IoC容器的启动过程，本篇将要讲述依赖注入过程的源码分析。

二、IoC容器的依赖注入

在IoC容器的初始化完成后，就已经在容器内建立了BeanDefinition数据映射。
接下来就需要开始依赖注入了。

首先通过getBean()触发依赖注入这个过程，这个过程主要分为两个步骤：

• 1 Bean的对象实例化（Instantiate the Bean）：createBeanInstance（）；
• 2 对象关系的依赖注入：populate（）。

下面来看看具体的实现过程。
首先是用户调用getBean()方法，这个方法是依赖注入的入口，会触发依赖注入的过程。

AbstractBeanFactory.java

Override
    public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
        return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
    }

    @Override
    public <T> T getBean(String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
        return doGetBean(name, requiredType, null, false);
    }

    @Override
    public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException {
        return doGetBean(name, null, args, false);
    }

    public <T> T getBean(String name, @Nullable Class<T> requiredType, @Nullable Object... args)
            throws BeansException {

        return doGetBean(name, requiredType, args, false);
    }

实际取得Bean的地方，也是依赖注入发生的地方：

AbstractBeanFactory.java

    //实际取得Bean的地方，触发依赖注入发生的地方
    protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, @Nullable final Class<T> requiredType,
            @Nullable final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {

        final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
        Object bean;

        // 先从缓存中取得Bean。如果是单例，就不需要再创建
        Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
        if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
            if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                    logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
                            "' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
                }
                else {
                    logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
                }
            }
            //完成FactoryBean的相关处理
            bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
        }

        else {
            // Fail if we're already creating this bean instance:
            // We're assumably within a circular reference.
            if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
                throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
            }

            //检查IoC容器中beanName对应的BeanDefinition是否存在，如果当前容器不存在，
            // 则到双亲BeanFactory（parentBeanFactory）去寻找；
            //如果当前双亲BeanFactory不存在，就顺着双亲BeanFactory链一直向上查找
            // Check if bean definition exists in this factory.
            BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
            if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
                // Not found -> check parent.
                String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
                if (parentBeanFactory instanceof AbstractBeanFactory) {
                    return ((AbstractBeanFactory) parentBeanFactory).doGetBean(
                            nameToLookup, requiredType, args, typeCheckOnly);
                }
                else if (args != null) {
                    // 在双亲BeanFactory中查找
                    return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
                }
                else {
                    // No args -> delegate to standard getBean method.
                    return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
                }
            }

            if (!typeCheckOnly) {
                markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
            }

            try {
                //根据beanName取得BeanDefinition
                final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
                checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

                // 获得当前Bean的所有依赖Bean。触发getBean的递归调用
                String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
                if (dependsOn != null) {
                    for (String dep : dependsOn) {
                        if (isDependent(beanName, dep)) {
                            throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
                                    "Circular depends-on relationship between '" + beanName + "' and '" + dep + "'");
                        }
                        registerDependentBean(dep, beanName);
                        getBean(dep);
                    }
                }

                // 在getSingleton调用ObjectFactory中的createBean（），创建Singleton Bean的实例
                if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
                    sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, () -> {
                        try {
                            //触发Bean的创建
                            return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                        }
                        catch (BeansException ex) {
                            // Explicitly remove instance from singleton cache: It might have been put there
                            // eagerly by the creation process, to allow for circular reference resolution.
                            // Also remove any beans that received a temporary reference to the bean.
                            destroySingleton(beanName);
                            throw ex;
                        }
                    });
                    bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                }
                //创建Prototype Bean的实例
                else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
                    // It's a prototype -> create a new instance.
                    Object prototypeInstance = null;
                    try {
                        beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                        //触发Bean的创建
                        prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                    }
                    finally {
                        afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                    }
                    bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                }
                //获取指定Scope类型的Bean
                else {
                    String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
                    final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
                    if (scope == null) {
                        throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope name '" + scopeName + "'");
                    }
                    try {
                        Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, () -> {
                            beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
                            try {
                                //触发Bean的创建
                                return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
                            }
                            finally {
                                afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
                            }
                        });
                        bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
                    }
                    catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
                        throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
                                "Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; consider " +
                                "defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
                                ex);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (BeansException ex) {
                cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
                throw ex;
            }
        }

        // 对创建的Bean进行类型检查。如果没有问题，则返回新创建的Bean。这个Bean已经包含了依赖关系
        if (requiredType != null && !requiredType.isInstance(bean)) {
            try {
                T convertedBean = getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
                if (convertedBean == null) {
                    throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
                }
                return convertedBean;
            }
            catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
                if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
                    logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type '" +
                            ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "'", ex);
                }
                throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
            }
        }
        return (T) bean;
    }

可以看到，在用户调用getBean()方法后，会调用doGetBean()方法，然后再调用createBean()方法进行Bean的创建以及依赖注入过程。
接下来我们就来看 看Bean是如何被创建以及对象关系的依赖注入的。

1 Bean的对象实例化（Instantiate the Bean）

当调用createBean()方法时，会进入
AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中。

AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java

    @Override
    protected Object createBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, @Nullable Object[] args)
            throws BeanCreationException {

        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
            logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
        }
        RootBeanDefinition mbdToUse = mbd;

        // 判断需要创建的Bean是否可以实例化（接口不能被实例化）以及该类能否被类加载器加载
        Class<?> resolvedClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
        if (